A groundbreaking study reveals that approximately 3.4 billion years ago, during the Archean Era, ancient microbes were not only reliant on molybdenum—a rare metal at the time—but also explored the use of tungsten. This discovery has the potential to transform how astrobiologists search for extraterrestrial life. Early Earth. Image credit: Peter Sawyer/Smithsonian Institution. Geochemical evidence

A recent study conducted by Texas A&M University researchers sheds light on why coffee drinkers tend to live longer and experience fewer chronic diseases. The findings indicate that brewed coffee is rich in compounds that interact with little-understood proteins in the body, potentially affecting inflammation, aging, and cancer processes. Hailemariam et al. revealed that brewed

In the vastness of today’s universe, galaxies predominantly exhibit ordered rotation. However, among the largest star systems, those that do not form new stars are often influenced by chaotic stellar motion. Astronomers refer to these galaxies as slow-rotators. While fast-rotating systems are frequently observed, slow-rotators are believed to be rare, especially in the early universe.